Nominal negative quantifiers as adjuncts

Nominal Semantics for Predicate Logic: Algebras, Substitution, Quantifiers, and Limits

We define a model of predicate logic in which every term and predicate, open or closed, has an absolute denotation independently of a valuation of the variables. For each variable a, the domain of the model contains an element JaK which is the denotation of the term a (which is also a variable symbol). Similarly, the algebra interpreting predicates in the model directly interprets open predicat...

Negative Concord and the Distribution of Quantifiers

Narcotic analgesics as adjuncts to dental practice.

Pain is both a symptom and a sensation. As a symptom, pain signals danger and thus provokes appropriate reflexes. Sher­ rington,2 accordingly, described pain as “the psychical adjunct of an imperative protective reflex.” From a therapeutic viewpoint, pain is a valuable clinical symptom to the practitioner. It also follows that the management of pain— a symptom— must be subject to the same limit...

Appetite suppressants as adjuncts for weight loss.

Evidence-Based Answer Phentermine and diethylpropion are appetite suppressants approved for use in the United States as adjuncts in the treatment of obesity. These agents demonstrate a modest weight loss benefit when combined with dietary modifications and exercise. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based on a randomized trial and a meta-analysis.) No current evidence is available on the long-ter...

Runtime Checks as Nominal Types

We propose a language design where types can be enriched by tags corresponding to predicates written by the programmer. For instance, int&positive is a type, where positive is a user-defined boolean function on integers. Expressions of type int&positive are obtained by an explicit check construct, analogous to cast, e.g., (positive) 2. In this way, the fact that the value of an expression is gu...